Mental health (nursing) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Mental health (nursing) - Essay Example Unfortunately, not every has been blessed with sanity. That is, there are millions of people living whose defected minds cannot cope up with the fast-paced world of today. When a person is not mentally fit, he is said to have a mental disorder. This is a psychological or behavioral defect that causes a disability that hinders normal human development. A mental disorder causes one to be labeled as ‘abnormal’, causing severe distress to the patient. There are many different categories of mental disorders - anxiety disorders, mood disorders, dissociative disorders, psychotic disorders, personality disorders, development disorders, sleeping disorders and even eating disorders (Radcliffe, 2000). There is no one cause for every disorder; it is usually explained by a biopsychosocial model, which is the interaction of biological, psychological and social causes (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2007). Mental disorders may not be cured entirely, but there is extensive treatment available. Psychotherapy is one of the basic methods along with medication. A psychologist cannot prescribe medication to the mental patient; a psychiatrist suggests medicines based on the diagnosis. Diagnosis is based on the patient’s history taken by the doctor as there is no other way for him to determine how the patient is feeling. There are many subgroups of the types of medicines available for mental patients – anti depressants (for producing happy hormones and lifting up a person’s mood), anxiolytics (for reducing anxiety and calming a person down; also prescribed for insomnia), mood stabilizers (using for bipolar disorders – extreme mood conditions), antipsychotics (for problems such as schizophrenia), and lastly stimulants (for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder). These medicines are required for a mental patient to remain sane at times; however, there are adverse affects caused by adherence and excessive intake. Psychotherapy is a method which takes a

Duties of the noble society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Duties of the noble society - Essay Example What can be said of the document is that it does represent the global rights to which all human beings are entitled. The core values of Saint Leo’s (2011) have a number of similarities to the UDHR (1948). Saint Leo’s (2011) stresses the development of every person's mind, spirit and body for a balanced life and all members of the Saint Leo University community must demonstrate their commitment the character of our community. Upon examination of article 29 in the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) it was declared that â€Å"Everyone has duties to the community in which alone the free and full development of his personality is possible. It does not take a stretch to see that these two points closely align however, how this is interpreted from both perspectives seems to be largely up to the individual. It remains the case that both documents stress that we have a ‘duty’ to our community. However a further condition of article 29 (UDHR , 1948) are limitations which are determined solely for the purpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others with concerns for morality, public order and the general welfare in a democratic society. In the sphere of international and domestic politics it was argued by the New York Times (2010) that this issue came to the forefront during the Lars Vilks Mohammed Drawings Cartoon Controversy. Many people began serious discussions as to where the right to artistic expression ends and the right to be free from religious persecution. The next major alignment between these two organizations comes through article 26 (UDHR, 1948) stipulates that â€Å"Everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits.† In many ways this aligns with Saint Leo’s (2011)commitment to community insofar as the value encourages students to strive to foster t heir commitment to excellence. Ultimately the core value (Saint Leo’s, 2011) strives to have a strong community and this depends on the unity and diversity of people with a free exchange of ideas and on learning, living, and working harmoniously. How this pertains to domestic politics in countries around the world is that this issue has dominated discussions of diversity and multiculturalism. On one end of the spectrum come statements from politicians who believe that multiculturalism failed (BBC, 2010) yet on the other hand I believe that one of the core strengths of my community is that we not only embrace multiculturalism but recognize that there are strengths to societies that draw from people of many different opinions. As a final example I believe that there are many parallels that can be drawn between Saint Leo’s (2011) and article 26(UDHR, 1948) insofar as our institution makes the statement that we value all individuals’ unique talents, respect their di gnity and strive to foster their commitment to excellence through the spirit of Jesus Christ. Although it may be that not everybody in our community is Christian we must respect our community members for who they are and recognize their unique strengths whilst respecting their beliefs and they are as free to receive all the benefits of working hard for our community as well. Without question there are a number

Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity Annotated Bibliography

Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity - Annotated Bibliography Example The researchers studied ADHD in children of pre-school age. They researched three parenting programs that showed promise in helping small children. The authors suggested that parents should have some type of parent training before they start treating their children with medication. They also discuss the barriers to using this method and give several ideas of how to work with preschoolers in addition to this model. The researchers state that medication should be used after they have tried parent training. The researchers present the dual pathway model. This research is important to a paper on ADHD because it provides information about alternative interventions that are working. They suggest that parents must be able to control their children before they send them to school. Many parents want to find alternatives to treating their children with ADHD because they do not want to use drugs. This article gives an understanding of ADHD from a doctor's perspective and it provides information about alternative nutrition that has been shown to help children and adults with ADHD. The researchers provided information on several studies, including a double blind, crossover controlled trial that was designed to understand whether artificial food coloring and benzoate preservative in children's food could influence their hyperactivity. The trial included 1800 three year olds. The conclusion from these researchers was that ADHD is complex, and it should be treated with a multi-faceted treatment program. This article is important to a paper on ADHD because it provides information in a very clear way without using a lot of medical jargon. Kravets, M.B. and Wax, I. (2010). The K&W guide to colleges for students with learning disabilities or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. IL: Imy Wax. This book is excellent because it describes colleges that work well with students who have ADHD. They provide information about getting into the college, what is important to do when the student is there, and how to approach classes. They also include advice from people who work in the field of ADHD. The book is invaluable to talking about the schools and how a student can approach college if they want to go. It gives hope to those students who may think they could not go to school at all. Kurtz, L.A. (2008). Understanding controversial therapies for children with autism, attention deficit disorder, and other learning disabilities: A guide to complementary and alternative medicine. PA: Jessica Kingsley Publishers This book provides an overview of alternative therapies that can be used in several learning disabilities, some of these are effective and others are not, according to the authors. The book is easy to read and understand. Because ADHD has so many different facets to it, this book is valuable in providing a wealth of

Globalization English Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Globalization English Paper - Essay Example The thesis can be seen at the end of the first paragraph of the article. â€Å"Third world countries† are countries that are still developing economically, are in war, to curb poverty. Third world countries faced with the problem of poverty, and most of their citizens are still struggling by doing odd jobs for survival (Divakaruni, 398). Maslow pyramid states that people will keep on working according to their needs and in each stage of life needs keep on changing. Divakaruni used Maslow theory to point out that people will keep on working in accordance to their needs. Therefore, the children will keep on working because of the hardships of life (Divakaruni, 398). Divakaruni suggests that children forced into child labor because; of lack of money to cater for the basics needs of their families, poor education systems and lack of enough schools and their governments being incapable of providing for its citizens. The use of rhetorical questions by Divarakuni is to ensure people get to understand why she is against the bill. In addition, she also wanted people to understand the reasons the children seek child labor. Paragraph three has been designed in such a way, causes of child labor and its effects clearly stated for better understanding of the life faced by the children. Divakaruni uses Nimai story to support child labor. Nimai came from a poor family; therefore, it was necessary to look for employment rather than starve to death. Nimai experience shows that children forced to seek employment to assist their families. Comparing Nimai and children in his village, he is much better since he can provide for his family and he is well treated by his employer (Divakaruni, 399). â€Å"The extra weight that capsizes the already shaky raft of their family’s finances† this metaphor meant that if the poor children taken to school and during their holidays, they return home they will be a burden to their already poor family. Divakaruni felt pity for t he village children because they suffer from hunger and starvation (Divakaruni, 399). Indentured as used by Divakaruni meant that the parents of the poor children took a contract that made children work in manufacturing factories. Inconceivable means that what the poor children are going through is unimaginable. Exploitation in this context means that the children were taken advantage in order to produce products to be used in the United States. Mired means a difficult situation like the one experienced by the poor children. Blithe means cheerful and happy (Divakaruni, 398). Javdani states her thesis in the second paragraph. The thesis developed by narration of two young men living in different worlds. Javdani thesis is about drugs and their origin. One man is living in poverty in an area where drugs are produced, and the other man lives in a rich neighborhood where drugs are sold. Colombian peasants support communist rebels, to protect their families and to earn money for upkeep. W hen the US government sends billions to Colombian government, they do not help the situation because the money used to fund paramilitary groups to fight against the rebels. Javdani solution to the problem is that the US can work from their country by cutting down the demand for the illegal drugs.

Getting a raise from your employer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Getting a raise from your employer - Essay Example If you would like to meet to discuss this, please let me know. I'm grateful for the opportunity to work for you and I enjoy doing so. I hope you'll agree that, in the past years I've worked for you, I've become an integral member of your team and accomplished a great deal. Here are some highlights of how I have helped the department and the company in the past few years: You can consult anyone in my department regarding the truthfulness of the above mentioned claims and then consider recommending my salary raise. As you can see my salary is much below the industry averages which is very devastating considering the work I do for the department. In researching the salary.com website, it notes the median expected salary for a typical Customer Service Rep. in the Atlantic City area is $17,715 which is too high considering the salary I receive in this company(and that too when I do multitasking). I have always been proactive throughout my career and have gone out of my ways to help others in my department thus contributing to the company as a whole. I have literally lived for the company for the past five years and have enjoyed each and every moment working in it.

How strategic business management can attain its objectives without Research Proposal

How strategic business management can attain its objectives without affecting employees and customers - Research Proposal Example The researcher states that in strategic business management, there are various guiding theories, principles and practices. These are intended to steer the fundamental goals and objectives of the company in the context of increasing sales and covering wider areas of the market. Additionally, the writer continues to state that, with well-stipulated management principles and theories, there are bound to be challenges. Alternatively, Drucker compliment what Cousins talks of the clear stipulation of corporate objectives. On that aspect, the two authors want managers and workers to understand the various concepts and principles of management and how to, effectively, utilize resources of the company. Furthermore, by understanding management, managers and employees are able to work in smooth coordination, which is beneficial for the business and company in terms of increased clients. Similarly, the authors call for constant evaluation of management goals through retrainings and adoption of m odern technology. On the other hand, Davenport mentions and explains the various approaches that are critical for both managers and workers in the strategic innovation of the economy on the basis of dynamic innovations. For example, the author explains the need to employ tools such as suitable technology, qualified workers and offering motivational incentives to workers. In addition, he explains about visionary leadership on the side of managers and response to complaints from the customers among others as the most paramount tools of effecting strategic change in business. (Davenport 2007, p.67). However, Steve, J (2009) have come up with five imperative disciplines when it comes to exemplary performance for any company. These disciplines include respect for clients, timely provisions of products and services, clear study of the market demands, motivation of the workforce through better wages and encouragement and effective leadership (Steve 2009, p.56). Furthermore, the writers obs erve that companies should accept modern challenges that afflict businesses hence affecting strategic management as ways of improving on their strong areas. On that perspective, Brutus (2006) discusses in depth the challenges that afflict organizational management in terms of the dynamics employed to increase sales and improve on profits. Similarly, the author delves into the setbacks that affect companies when they face challenges such as poor leadership from top management, unmotivated employees and slow response from customers, which in turn affects the market demand, and hence company sales (Brutus 2006, p.110). Additionally, this interferes with strategic management set by company executives and the obligation of meeting them on time. 2. The Conceptual Framework Therefore, in terms of a conceptual framework, several factors involved will be drawn from the literature studied previously. However, the research proposal must mention that effective strategic business management is p aramount for the success of any company that aspires to succeed (Carl, 2003, p.87). Similarly, utilization of resources, quick response to client complaints and adoption of initiatives targeted at advancement of the company has several benefits for long and short terms. Alternatively, business managers and other corporate executives should aim at incorporating the various stakeholders such as clients and competitors in the picture of drafting workable strategic business management. On that aspect, this research proposal cannot forget to mention the predicaments associated with strategic business management. For instance, undefined goals and objectives set by company executives and lack of through of the market pattern among other limitations. On that prospect, factors such as timely adoption of technology,

Decision-Making Case Study Essay Example for Free

Decision-Making Case Study Essay The current grave state of the economy has had a significant impact on health care across The United States. Massive budget cuts, reduced services, and limited access to care significantly have affected Medicaid patients. Hennepin County Clinic (HCC), a facility that provides health care to Medicaid patients, is dealing with an additional 15% budget cut that will force management to make decisions about which services must be changed or eliminated while still meeting the basic needs of the clients. Stemming from consumers’ increased demands for enhanced quality of care and greater accountability from health care organizations, leaders must engage in decision-making that incorporates evidence from well-conducted research whenever possible. The Informed Decisions Toolbox (IDT), a process of evidence-based decision-making, involves six steps in the decision-making process (Rundall, et. al, 2007). While every step is consequential, step two, the process of gathering evidenced-based sources of information, is the most important tool in decision-making. The IDT plays an important role in increasing organizational accountability, facilitating knowledge transfer within a facility, and contributing to a questioning organization. Step One The first step in the IDT is formulating a question or questions behind the decision. This is done in such a way that will increase the likelihood of uncovering useful research studies. As a manager, one must discover what information is needed to make the best decision. When investigating the needs of Medicaid clients and deciding which clinical services to change or eliminate, it is vital to research information regarding the various services used by these patients. The manager must ask several questions. Do individuals enrolled in Medicaid have unique health needs that differ from the larger population? What are the services most utilized within HCC at any given time? In what ways will service cuts and elimination of resources   affect the clients? What services can be outsourced to other facilities that accept Medicaid? Can the current physician staff be reduced, and the use of nurse practitioners and physician’s assistants be implemented? Step Two After the questions are formulated, step two involves identifying credible sources of information to answer these questions. In an age of abundant technological resources, a large percentage of sources may be found on research-based websites, bibliographic databases, online academic and peer-reviewed journals, books or other publications, and government reports, to name a few (The Center for Health Research, 2011). It may also be helpful for the manager to locate internal information available within the clinic that will tailor to the unique needs of HCC. While the IDT mainly focuses on evidenced-based sources of information, the manager may also utilize supportive colloquial knowledge from and opinions of colleagues, employees, patients, and other health care professionals (Rundall, et. al, 2007). Steps Three, Four, and Five Steps three through five take the collected research and evaluate its accuracy, applicability, and â€Å"actionability.† First, step three emphasizes the accuracy of the research presented. The manager must question if the research is of high-quality, originates from a credible source, presents complete and balanced viewpoints, and comprises reliable and valid measurements (The Center for Health Research, 2011). Step four highlights the applicability of the research. The manager must ask if the research is relevant to his or her question at hand and whether or not it applies specifically to HCC. Step five focuses on the â€Å"actionability† of the research. The manager needs to know how the research is going to be implemented and who exactly is going to do it. Step five also pertains to the implications and importance of the research studied (The Center for Health Research, 2011). Step Six Finally, step six allows the manager to look at his or her organization’s needs and values to determine if the research fits the context of its unique situation. The manager must question if the collected research is adequate to make a useful decision and if there is a single best option, multiple  practical options, or even inadequate evidence to make a decision (The Center for Health Research, 2011). Most Valuable Tool Although every step in the IDT has much significance and step one builds the foundation on which to define the problem at hand, the tool that would be the most valuable is step two, identifying credible evidenced-based sources of information. Health care workers who provide care based on knowledge from evidenced-based studies deliver significantly better care and produce better outcomes (Melynk Fineout-Overholt, 2005). Because of this, the process of identifying these studies is vital to the survival of an organization. The knowledge discovered during research can be a valuable source of strength to the organization by combining it with the unique employee and patient opinions and preferences. This process of searching for information can also contribute to organizational growth through the sharpening of knowledge and skills of decision makers. With regard to HCC, step two is very valuable in deciding which clinical services need to be eliminated primarily because locating appropriate research studies is the foundation of finding the solution to the question. Through the selection of evidenced-based articles, the manager can compare and contrast how other organizations dealt with budget cuts and the solutions they implemented. Accountability Utilizing the IDT greatly affects organizational accountability. Hospital organizations and clinics have to function according to the strict rules and regulations of such agencies as JCAHO and CMS, and at the same time, respond to the ever increasing needs demands of consumers for improved quality of care (Rundall, et. al, 2007). These added pressures force management to make comprehensive, precise, and influential decisions that they cannot formulate with personal knowledge and experience alone. Because of this, management needs to apply the best evidence available in making these consequential decisions. Knowledge Transfer Knowledge transfer aims to deliver research-based information and guarantee its availability for future members within an organization (Pentland Forsyth, 2011). Within health care facilities, it is important for newfound  research evidence to be transferred into clinical practice and policy development. Management and decision makers must communicate clearly to the health care team and make them aware of decisions that are made and how the decisions will affect them. Team members are encouraged to share their understanding with others to expedite knowledge transfer within the facility. Knowledge transfer facilitates shared intelligence, improved employee performance, higher levels of innovation within the organization, and economic growth (Rundall, et. al, 2007). Questioning Organization The IDT affects an organization in a number of positive ways. Most important, it allows the decision-maker and the health care team to reflect on what was learned, what questions still need to be asked, and what should be done differently next time, which is critical to innovation (Buchen Rowley, 2000). Building a questioning culture within an organization inspires team members to search for answers within evidenced-based research studies and improving the lines of communication among members as well. Conclusion The IDT is an exceptional set of tools that assists management and decision-makers in utilizing evidenced-based research in confronting and responding to pressing questions that significantly affect an organization. The IDT plays an important role in increasing organizational accountability, facilitating knowledge transfer, and contributing to a questioning organization. In the case of HCC, the manager utilized the IDT by formulating questions to determine which clinical services to change or eliminate based on the various health care needs of Medicaid clients. The manager identified various credible sources of information to answer these questions, which has been determined the most valuable tool within the IDT. The research evidence was examined to determine its accuracy, applicability, and â€Å"actionability.† Finally, the manager assessed to see if the collected research was both adequate and met the specific needs of HCC, which is what the IDT was designed to do. References Buchen, I, Rowley, L. (2000). The questioning culture: Perpetual state of the art. Performance Improvement, (39)5, 26-30. Melynk, B., Fineout-Overholt, E. (2005). Evidence based practice in nursing and healthcare. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Pentland, D., Forsyth, K. (2011). Key characteristics of knowledge transfer and exchange in healthcare: integrative literature review. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 67(7), 1408-25. Rundall, T., Martelli, P., Arroyo, L., McCurdy, R., Neuwirth, E., et al. (2007). The informed toolbox: Tools for knowledge transfer and performance improvement. Journal of Healthcare Management, 25(5), 325-341. The Center for Health Research. (2011). The informed decisions toolbox. Retrieved from http://www.toolbox.berkeley.edu/overview.